A recent study published in Pulmonology titled “Impact of comprehensive healthy lifestyles on obstructive sleep apnea and the mediating role of BMI: insights from NHANES 2005–2008 and 2015–2018” sheds light on the relationship between healthy lifestyles and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in middle-aged and elderly adults. Researchers analyzed data from over 6,400 participants aged 40 and older from the NHANES survey to evaluate lifestyle behaviors such as diet quality, physical activity, sleep duration, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and BMI.
The study found that higher dietary quality and a healthy weight were associated with reduced odds of OSA. A one-point increase in the healthy lifestyle score was linked to a 33% reduction in OSA odds, showing a significant linear trend between better lifestyle adherence and lower OSA odds. Those with an intermediate lifestyle reduced OSA odds by 27%, while those with an optimal lifestyle saw a 74% reduction compared to those with an insufficient lifestyle.
Mediation analysis revealed that BMI played a significant role in mediating the relationship between healthy lifestyle scores and OSA, with BMI mediating 59.2% of the total effect. The direct effect of the healthy lifestyle score on OSA remained significant even after controlling for BMI.
The study concluded that adhering to healthy lifestyles, particularly maintaining an optimal BMI, significantly lowers the risk of OSA. The findings highlight the potential of lifestyle interventions in preventing and managing this condition. This research provides valuable insights for healthcare professionals and individuals looking to improve their overall health and reduce the risk of OSA.
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