Global carbon emissions from fossil fuels are continuing to rise, and it is projected that 2024 will be the hottest year on record. To limit global warming to 1.5°C, experts suggest that removing 7-9 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere annually will be necessary. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emphasizes that carbon dioxide removal technology is vital in achieving global and national net zero emissions targets.
There is a consensus within the scientific community that carbon dioxide removal is no longer a question of “could we, should we?” but rather a necessity in the fight against climate change. Australia’s Climate Change Authority states that in order to achieve the national goal of net-zero emissions by 2050, 133 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions will have to be removed from the atmosphere annually.
Current carbon removal technologies are divided into “conventional” nature-based approaches and “novel” new methods. While conventional methods such as planting trees have limitations, novel approaches like adding crushed rock to the ocean show promise. However, these new technologies currently make up less than 0.1% of global carbon removal efforts.
There are trade-offs and challenges associated with carbon dioxide removal, including energy consumption, land use, and potential environmental impacts. Ensuring transparency and addressing the interests of Indigenous communities will be crucial in the development and implementation of these technologies.
Australia has the potential to lead in carbon dioxide removal efforts due to its vast land mass, renewable energy resources, and skilled workforce. Establishing a national dialogue and clear vision will be essential in creating a sustainable and responsible carbon removal industry in the country. Ultimately, a combination of carbon dioxide removal and emissions reduction efforts will be necessary to combat climate change and preserve the planet for future generations.
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